Literature review on co-occurrence of somatic issues with neurodiversity:
Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder and Co-morbidities in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Literature Review: In a previous pilot study we evaluated the outcome of medical screening at referral in children and adolescents with different psychiatric disorders. This screening revealed new somatic findings in 56% of the subjects [35]. These findings included a broad spectrum of medical concerns, including weight and length problems, high levels of thyroid hormone, dyslipidemia, anemia, vitamin D and vitamin B12 deficiency and dysmorphic anomalies. Some of these results required consultation from other medical specialists, whereas others had direct implications for daily medical practice, such as adjustments in psychopharmacologic treatment and/or participation in prevention programs for overweight. Medical comorbidities in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders and attention deficit hyperactivity disorders: a systematic review: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28674760/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34777048/.
Likewise, The vitamin D Receptor and T cell function
- Retrieved from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7c/Renin-angiotensin_system_in_man_sh adow.svg
Where is the vitamin D receptor?
In humans, the vitamin D receptor is encoded by the VDR gene located on chromosome 12q13. 11. Like the iNKT cells, there are also fewer CD8αα/TCRαβ precursors in the thymus of VDR-KO animals. Moreover, to complete development CD8αα/TCRαβ cells must travel from the thymus to the gastrointestinal tract where IL-15 induces proliferation and upregulation of CD8αα. Due to decreased levels of IL-15 receptor expression VDR-KO CD8αα/TCRαβ cells proliferate poorly, resulting in a diminished mature CD8αα/TCRαβ population in the VDR-KO gut (Yu et al., 2008; Bruce and Cantorna, 2011; Ooi et al., 2012). These data illustrate that in contrast to conventional T cells, VDR expression is mandatory for development of both iNKT cells and CD8αα/TCRαβ T cells. VDR is expressed in most tissues of the body, and regulates transcription of about 900 genes involved in intestinal and renal transport of calcium and other minerals [view sodium below]. In a study by Patel et al. (1995) plasma toxins from uremic patients was shown to bind to the patient’s VDR, thereby disrupting binding of VDR-RXR to DNA resulting in a diminished VDR response. It so appears that post-translational modifications of VDR adjust VDR activity in both health and disease. [Retrieved from https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2013.00148/full; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2789451/]
In a previous study, they provide both skeletal scaffolding and space for hematopoiesis in its marrow. Previous work has shown that these functions were tightly regulated by the nervous system. The central and peripheral nervous systems tightly regulate compact bone remodeling, its metabolism, and hematopoietic homeostasis in the bone marrow (BM). Accumulating evidence indicates that the nervous system, which fine-tunes inflammatory responses and alterations in neural functions, may regulate autoimmune diseases. Neural signals also influence the progression of hematological malignancies such as acute and chronic myeloid leukemias. Here, we review the interplay of the nervous system with bone, BM, and immunity, and discuss future challenges to target hematological diseases through modulation of activity of the nervous system. [Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6119651/].
Note: The lymphatic system consists of lymphatic organs such as bone marrow, the tonsils, the thymus, the spleen, and lymph nodes. All lymphocytes develop in bone marrow from immature cells called stem cells. [Retrieved from https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/285666].
What diseases can bone marrow transplants cure?
Bone marrow transplant has been used successfully to treat diseases such as leukemias, lymphomas, aplastic anemia, immune deficiency disorders, and some solid tumor cancers since 1968.
Note: STUDY THE LATEST ON BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTS HERE
Based on new findings, researchers say bone marrow transplants may be an effective treatment for ALS. Along with the central nervous system, the immune system may play a fundamental role in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), suggesting that bone marrow transplants may be an effective novel treatment for the neurodegenerative disease, according to findings from a research team that included Albert LaSpada, MD, PhD, distinguished professor of pathology, neurology and biological chemistry at the University of California, Irvine School of Medicine. [Retrieved from https://neurosciencenews.com/als-immune-cns-20963/]
Why? In humans, the vitamin D receptor is encoded by the VDR gene located on chromosome 12q13. 11. VDR is expressed in most tissues of the body, and regulates transcription of genes involved in intestinal and renal transport of calcium and other minerals [Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5373853/; See asc, adhd, epilipsry and schzophrinia & Chromosome 12 above).
Similarly, early last year, researchers from institutes in Germany and Greece reported a mechanism in the brain’s outer cortical cells that produces a novel ‘graded’ signal all on its own, one that could provide individual neurons with another way to carry out their logical functions. By measuring the electrical activity in sections of tissue removed during surgery on epileptic patients and analyzing their structure using fluorescent microscopy, the neurologists found individual cells in the cortex used not just the usual sodium ions to ‘fire’, but calcium as well. [Retrieved from https://www.sciencealert.com/a-never-before-seen-type-of-signal-has-been-detected-in-the-human-brain?fbclid=IwAR3sZiK3xsrIVnHirG-RjcIKY9NW5czdUk3iPK8dURZnz-qXaKsXJwE6sDs].
Hyponatremia is not only the most common electrolyte disorder but is also associated with higher infection rate [1], cardiovascular disease [2, 3], and mortality risk [4, 5]. Central nervous system (CNS) symptoms are the main manifestations of hyponatremia [6]. Think about how dementia cause an electrolyte imbalance? Residents who have very advanced dementia may also develop electrolyte imbalance because their brain no longer reminds their body to drink or accept fluids when offered to them. How is an electrolyte imbalance diagnosed? Electrolyte imbalance is usually diagnosed by blood tests. Does level(s) affect dementia? Several studies reported that chronic hyponatremia resulted in mild cognition impairment (MCI) [7, 8], which in turn was associated with increased risk of progression to dementia [9] or death [10]. [Retrieved from https://www.ncbihttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5462431/].
Similarly, think about manganese and neurodegenerative diseases. Manganese [Mn] is an essential ubiquitous trace element required for normal growth, development and cellular homeostasis [1]. Specifically, Mn is important in bone formation, fat and carbohydrate metabolism, blood sugar regulation, and calcium absorption. In humans and animals, Mn functions as a required cofactor of several enzymes necessary for neuronal and glial cell function, as well as enzymes involved in neurotransmitter synthesis and metabolism [2, 3, 4] [Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3230726/].
NOTE: What surprised researchers was that patients with depression were prone to IBD. Zhang speculates that this discovery may have to do with what is known as the gut-brain axis, a scientifically established connection between the gastrointestinal system and the central nervous system, which consists of the spinal cord and the brain. [Retrieved from https://neurosciencenews.com/ibd-depression-20724/].
Thymic involution, probably through the hormonal turmoil and cell health, provoke many of our learning and memory problems. -Tricia Cook, learn more here: https://sway.office.com/aNi0wBl3lQU5P8zs?ref=Link .
- Elements of the figure were generated using Biorender.com.
Endogenous regeneration in the brain is the ability of cells to engage in the repair and regeneration process. Another benefit that can be achieved by using endogenous regeneration could be avoiding an immune response from the host. There are therapeutic approaches for boosting thymus function. Likewise, the causes age-related thymic involution have been suggested along with several possible mechanisms identified including blockages of T-cell receptor gene rearrangement, decreased self-peptide MHC molecules, and depletion of T-cell progenitors [Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4837659/].
Cook’s Theory, My Elbert, Where The Problem is Suppressive Anger:
1 to put down by authority or force
2 : to keep from public knowledge: such as
to keep secret
b : to stop or prohibit the publication or revelation of suppress the test results
3a : to exclude from consciousness
b : to keep from giving vent to : check suppressed her anger
4 obsolete : to press down
5a : to restrain from a usual course or action
b : to inhibit the growth or development of
6 : to inhibit the genetic expression of suppress a mutation
[Retrieved from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/suppressive].
Note: In the brain, emotions and hormones alter or change the production of gene products that participate in synaptic neurotransmission as well as affect the structure of brain cells. As a result, the circuitry of the brain and its capacity for neurotransmission. I give natural and holistic ways to improve your thymic hormone function and cell-mediated immunity… “Although epigenetic modulators that control effector status in Th17 cells have been identified 15, 21, the TF regulators that globally program the capacity of CD4+ l to dynamically control their functional identity in response to changing contexts are mostly undefined.” Retrieved from cell gene and thymus. https://www.pnas.org/content/115/8/1883l; https://neurosciencenews.com/stress-immune-aging-20823/ (see HPA & Pineal Body, Pituitary & Adrenal Glands below).
It is in the high-stress emotional states, which are “allostatic” and become stuck “on,” that we need a self-help way to switch off extreme emotions, thoughts, and behaviors. These emotions, such as hostility, depression, panic, and numbness, do not guide us to identify and meet our needs. They are faulty messengers that activate strong drives for common excesses and maladaptive states. They create a self-reinforcing, positive feedback loop,…[Retrieved from https://www.ebtconnect.net/science].
Supplementation with these nutrients has been shown to improve thymic hormone function and cell-mediated immunity such as…Zinc, vitamin B6, and vitamin C are perhaps the most critical. Zinc may be the critical mineral involved in thymus gland function and thymus hormone action. Hematite worn around the neck brings balance to both the etheric body and the physical body. Due to its magnetic nature and our ying-yang energies aka “deed” very frequently translates ἔργον , érgon (same root as English “work”; compare “energy”, it’s the Mighty nature is to bring us back to equilibrium. Plus, Note: In my program, it goes much deeper than supplements and alternatives like neurometric education (read below) to avoid early thymic involution and/or dysfunction, imbalance, etc. …. (Retrieved from https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2020.01745/full; https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/11340/new-insights-into-thymic-functions-during-stress-aging-and-in-disease-settings).
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